How do Cloudflare Turnstile and Google reCAPTCHA impact the end-user experience differently?

Turnstile generally provides a smoother and less intrusive user experience. It often resolves challenges in the background without user interaction, or presents a quick, non-disruptive loading indicator. The goal is to avoid presenting visual CAPTCHAs to legitimate users as much as possible. reCAPTCHA v3 aims for a similar invisible experience but can still trigger visible challenges (like image grids) for users it deems suspicious or for reCAPTCHA v2 implementations. The main impact on user experience is the frequency and nature of the challenges presented, with Turnstile typically being less burdensome.