What kind of tools or methods are typically used to launch simple DDoS attacks?

Simple DDoS attacks are often launched using readily available botnet-for-hire services, open-source stress-testing tools (which can be misused), or custom scripts. Common methods involve compromised home computers or IoT devices forming a botnet, which then collectively flood the target with traffic using tools that generate specific types of flood packets (e.g., hping3, LOIC, HOIC, or basic python scripts).